A constant challenge for farmers in Nigeria is how to increase crop production in the face of low inherent nutrient status and rapid soil fertility depletion. This has attracted studies on how to build up nutrient capital in soil. Influence of NPK 15-15-15 fertilizer and pig manure on nutrient dynamics and production of cowpea vigna unguiculata L. Walp were evaluated at the Teaching and Research Farm, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria in experiments consisting of six treatments laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. The treatments consisted of 60kg NPK 15-15-15, 4t/ha Pig manure (PM), 8t/ha Pig manure, 4t/ha PM+60kg NPK 15-15-15, 8t/ha PM+60kg NPK 15-15-15 and no fertilizer as control. Data on plant height, no of branches, no of leaves, no of nodules/plant, dry matter yield taken at 50% flowering, number of pods/plant, number of seeds/pod, 100 seed weight and seed yield were collected. The result showed that 8t/haPM+60kgNPK gave significantly (p<0.05) higher number of nodules.plant-1(13.7), dry matter (40.3g.plant-1), number of pods.plant-1 (23.7), number of seeds.pod-1 (12.3) and 100 seed weight (25.5g) respectively. Maximum seed yield of 1.40t/ha was obtained with application of 8t/haPM + 60kgNPK. Sole application of pig manure and its combination with NPK significantly increased soil N, P, K, Ca and Mg. It can be concluded that for maximum production, the amount of pig manure required can reduce the chemical fertilizer that would be needed for cowpea.
| Published in | American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry (Volume 2, Issue 6) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.ajaf.20140206.16 |
| Page(s) | 267-273 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2014. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Cowpea, Yield Attributes, Nutrient Dynamics, NPK Fertilizer, Organic Manure
| [1] | FAO. Cowpea production data base for Nigeria. Food and Agriculture Organisation http://www.faostat. Fao.org/ 2005. Date assessed 19/08/14. |
| [2] | FAO. FAOSTAT Database. 2010 http://www.fao.org/site 342. Date assessed 24/8/2014. |
| [3] | U. Y Anele, K. H Sudekum, O. M Arigbede, H. Luttgenau, A.O. Oni, O.J. Bolaji and M.L Galyean. Chemical composition, rumen degradability and crude protein fractionation of some commercial and improved cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) haulm varieties. Grass Forage Sci. 67 (2): 210-218, 2012. |
| [4] | S. Singh, S. K Nag, S. S Kundu and S. B Maity. Relative intake, eating pattern, nutrient digestibility, nitrogen metabolism, fermentation pattern and growth performance of lambs fed organically and inorganically produced cowpea hay-barley grain diets. Trop. Grassl. 44: 55-61, 2010. |
| [5] | J. A. Oluokun. Intake, digestion and nitrogen balance of diets blended with urea treated and untreated cowpea husk by growing rabbit. Afr. J. Biotech. 4 (10): 1203-1208, 2005. |
| [6] | O. E. Omotayo and K. S. Chukwuka. Soil fertility restoration techniques in sub-Saharan Africa using organic resources. African Journal of Agricultural Research. 4 (3): 144-150, 2009 |
| [7] | M.O. Akande, F.I. Oluwatoyinbo, E.A. Makinde, A.S. Adepoju and I.S. Adepoju. Response of okra to organic and inorganic fertilization. Nature and Science. 8(11):261-266, 2010 |
| [8] | E. C. A. Economic Commission of Africa,. State of the Environment in Africa. Economic Commission of Africa, P.O.Box 3001, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, ECA/FSSDD/01/06, 2001. http://www.uneca.org/water/State_Environ_Afri.pdf Date assessed 26th October, 2014. |
| [9] | J. A. Adepetu. Soil and Nigeria food security. Inaugural Lecture series 119, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife. Nigeria 19pp. 1997 |
| [10] | A. Olayinka. Carbon mineralization from poultry manure straw sawdust amended Alfisol. Ife Journal of Agriculture 1 and 2. (18) 26-36, 1996. |
| [11] | A. Olayinka, A. Adentunji, and A. Adebayo. Effect of organic amendment on nodulation and nitrogen fixation of cowpea. Journal of Plant Nutrition. 21 (11): 2455-2464, 1998. |
| [12] | S.M. Yang, S.S. Malhi, F.M. Li, D.R. Suo, M.G. Xu, P. Wang. Long-term effects of manure and fertilization on soil organic matter and quality parameters of a calcareous soil in NW China. Journal of Plant Nutrient and Soil Science. 170:234-243, 2007 |
| [13] | E. A. Makinde, A. A. Agboola and F. I. Oluwatoyinbo. The effect of organic and inorganic fertilizes on the growth and yield of maize/melon intercrop, Moor Journal of Agricultural Research, 2001; 2: 15-20. |
| [14] | W. B. Akanbi, M. O. Akande and J. A. Adediran. Suitability of composted maize straw and mineral nitrogen fertilizer for tomato production. Journal of Vegetable Science, 2005;11 (1): 57-65. |
| [15] | O. N. Adeniyan, Ojeniyi S. O. Effect of poultry manure, NPK 15-15-15 and combination of their reduced levels on maize growth and soil chemical properties. Nigerian Journal of Soil Science 15:34-41, 2005; |
| [16] | M. S. Khan, N. C. Shil and S. Noor. Integrated nutrient management for sustainable yield of major vegetable crops in Bangladesh. Bangladesh J Agric Environ 4: 81-94, 2008. |
| [17] | P. A Adeoye, S. E Adebayo and J. J Musa. Growth and yield response of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) to poultry and cattle manures as amendments on sandy loam soil plot. Agric. Journal. 6(5): 218–221, 2011 |
| [18] | L. S. Ayeni, E. Omole, M. T. Adetunji and S. O. Ojeniyi. Integrated application of NPK fertilizer cocoa pod ash and poultry manure: effect on maize performance, plant and soil nutrient content. International Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences. 2 (2):34-41, 2009. |
| [19] | B. S. Ewulo, O. O. Babadele and S. O. Ojeniyi. Sawdust Ash and Urea Effect on Soil and Plant Nutrient Content and Yield of Tomato: Am.-Eurasian J. Sustain. Agric. 3 (1): 88-92, 2009. |
| [20] | O. T. Ayoola and O. N. Adeniyan. Influence of poultry manure and NPK fertilizer on yield and yield components of crops under different cropping systems in south west Nigeria. African Journal of Biotechnology. 5 (15): 1386-1392, 2006. |
| [21] | O. J. Ayodele and A. O. Oso. Effects of phosphorus fertilizer sources and application time on grain yield and nutrient composition of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.,Walp). American Journal of Experimental Agriculture 4 (12): 1517-1525, 2014. |
| [22] | A. S. Fasina, J. O. Aruleba, F. O. Omolayo, S. O. Omotoso, O. S. Shittu and T. A. Okusami. Properties and Classification of five soil formed on granitic parent materials in Ado-Ekiti, Southwestern Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Soil Science 15 (2): 21-29, 2005. |
| [23] | A. Walkley and C.A Black. An examination of the Degtjareff method for determining soil organic matter and a proposed modification of the chromic acid titration method. Soil Sci. 37:29-38, 1934. |
| [24] | D. W. Nelson, Sommers L. E. Organic carbon. In: Page, A.L.; Miller, R.H. and Keeney, D.R. (eds). Methods of Soil Analysis Part 2. Agron 9. Madison W.I. 1982; 538-580. |
| [25] | J. M. Bremner and C. S. Mulvaney. Nitrogen – Total. In Methods of soil analysis, Page, A. L. (Ed). Agronomy. Amer. Soc. of Agron, Madison, Wisc. USA. 9(2):595–624, 1982. |
| [26] | R. H. Bray and L. T. Kurtz. Determination of total, organic and available form of phosphorus in soils. Soil Science Society of American Journal. 59: 39 – 45, 1945. |
| [27] | IITA. International Institute of Tropical Agriculture. Automated and semi-automated methods for soil and plant analysis. Manual series 7, 1989. |
| [28] | E. O. Mclean. Soil pH and lime requirement, In: Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 2 Agron. 9 (2nd ed.) ASA, SSSA, Madison, Wisc. 199 -224, 1982. |
| [29] | SAS Institute Inc SAS/STAT user’s guide, version 8. SAS Institute Inc. Cary, North Carolina, USA 1999 |
| [30] | G. O Adeoye, and Agboola A. A. Critical level for soil pH, available P, K, Zn and Mn and maize earleaf content of P, Cu, Zn and Mn in sedimentary soils of Southwestern Nigeria. Nutr. Cycl. Agroecosyst. 6: 65-71, 1985 |
| [31] | FMANR. Literature review on soil fertility investigations in Nigeria (in Five Volumes). Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Lagos, 32-45, 1990. |
| [32] | A. A. Agboola, G. O. Obigbesan. The response of some improved food crop varieties to fertilizers in the forest zone of Western Nigeria. In: Report of FAO/NORAD Seminar on fertilizer use development in Nigeria, Ibadan, p. 77, 1974. |
| [33] | S. V. Kuldeep. Standardization of potassium fertilizer application technology on seed production of pea cultivar Arkel. Thesis submitted Dr.Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry Nauni, Solan. pp 1-49, 2003. shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/9786/11/11_literature.pdf |
| [34] | C. S. Ofori. The importance of fertilizer nitrogen in grain legume production on soils of granitic origin in the Upper Volta region of Ghana. Proceedings of First IITA Grain legume Improvement Workshop, IITA. Ibadan 1973. |
| [35] | O. Olatunji, S. A. Ayuba, B. C. Arijembe and S. O. Ojeniyi. Effect of NPK and poultry manure on cowpea and soil nutrient composition. Nigerian Journal of Soil Science. 22 (1):108–113, 2012. |
| [36] | S. O. Omotoso and M. J. Falade. Zinc and Organo-Mineral Fertilization Effects on Biomass Production in Maize (Zea mays) Grown on Acid Sand Alfisol (Typic Paleudalf). Research Journal of Agronomy. 1 (2): 62-65, 2007. |
| [37] | M. E. Ferreira and M. C. P Cruz. Study the effect of vermicompost on nutrient absorption and dry matter production by maize and soil properties. Scientific Sao Paulo, 20:217-227, 2002. |
| [38] | M. Nuruzzaman, H. Lambers, M. D. A Bollard and E. J. Veneklaas. Phosphorus uptake by grain legumes and subsequently grown wheat at different levels of residual phosphorus fertiliser. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research. 56: 1041-1047, 2005a. |
| [39] | N. Datt, R. P. Sharma and G. D. Sharma. Effect of supplementary use of farmyard manure along with chemical fertilizers on productivity and nutrient uptake by vegetable pea (Pisum sativum var. arvense) and build up of soil fertility in Lahaul Valley. Indian J. Agric. Sci. 73:266-268, 2003. |
| [40] | I. I. Ibeawuchi, F. A. Opara, C. T. Tom and J. C. Obiefuna. Graded replacement of inorganic with organic manure for sustainable maize production in Owerri Imo State, Nigeria. Life Science Journal 4 (2):82-87, 2007. |
| [41] | G. U. Nnaji, J. S. C. Mbagwu and C. L. A Asadu. Influence of organic manures on cassava yield and some chemical properties of an ultisol Nsukka area of south Eastern Nigeria. Proceedings of the 29th Annual Conference of the Soil Science Society of Nigeria 5th-9th December, Makurdi, Nigeria. 2005 |
| [42] | D. D. Giwa and S. O. Ojeniyi. Effect of integrated application of pig manure and NPK on soil nutrient content and yield of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill). Proceeding 29th Conference of Soil Science Society of Nigeria, UNAAB, Abeokuta. 6–10, 2004. |
| [43] | T. M. Agbede, S. O. Ojeniyi and A. J. Adeyemo. Effect of poultry manure on soil physical and chemical properties, growth and grain yield of sorghum in Southwest, Nigeria, Am.-Eurasian J. Sustain. Agric. 2 (1): 72-77, 2008. |
APA Style
Omotoso Solomon Olusegun. (2014). Influence of NPK 15-15-15 Fertilizer and Pig Manure on Nutrient Dynamics and Production of Cowpea, Vigna Unguiculata L. Walp. American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 2(6), 267-273. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20140206.16
ACS Style
Omotoso Solomon Olusegun. Influence of NPK 15-15-15 Fertilizer and Pig Manure on Nutrient Dynamics and Production of Cowpea, Vigna Unguiculata L. Walp. Am. J. Agric. For. 2014, 2(6), 267-273. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaf.20140206.16
AMA Style
Omotoso Solomon Olusegun. Influence of NPK 15-15-15 Fertilizer and Pig Manure on Nutrient Dynamics and Production of Cowpea, Vigna Unguiculata L. Walp. Am J Agric For. 2014;2(6):267-273. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaf.20140206.16
Share This Article
Twitter
Linked In
Facebook
Copy
Download@article{10.11648/j.ajaf.20140206.16,
author = {Omotoso Solomon Olusegun},
title = {Influence of NPK 15-15-15 Fertilizer and Pig Manure on Nutrient Dynamics and Production of Cowpea, Vigna Unguiculata L. Walp},
journal = {American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry},
volume = {2},
number = {6},
pages = {267-273},
doi = {10.11648/j.ajaf.20140206.16},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20140206.16},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajaf.20140206.16},
abstract = {A constant challenge for farmers in Nigeria is how to increase crop production in the face of low inherent nutrient status and rapid soil fertility depletion. This has attracted studies on how to build up nutrient capital in soil. Influence of NPK 15-15-15 fertilizer and pig manure on nutrient dynamics and production of cowpea vigna unguiculata L. Walp were evaluated at the Teaching and Research Farm, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria in experiments consisting of six treatments laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. The treatments consisted of 60kg NPK 15-15-15, 4t/ha Pig manure (PM), 8t/ha Pig manure, 4t/ha PM+60kg NPK 15-15-15, 8t/ha PM+60kg NPK 15-15-15 and no fertilizer as control. Data on plant height, no of branches, no of leaves, no of nodules/plant, dry matter yield taken at 50% flowering, number of pods/plant, number of seeds/pod, 100 seed weight and seed yield were collected. The result showed that 8t/haPM+60kgNPK gave significantly (p<0.05) higher number of nodules.plant-1(13.7), dry matter (40.3g.plant-1), number of pods.plant-1 (23.7), number of seeds.pod-1 (12.3) and 100 seed weight (25.5g) respectively. Maximum seed yield of 1.40t/ha was obtained with application of 8t/haPM + 60kgNPK. Sole application of pig manure and its combination with NPK significantly increased soil N, P, K, Ca and Mg. It can be concluded that for maximum production, the amount of pig manure required can reduce the chemical fertilizer that would be needed for cowpea.},
year = {2014}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of NPK 15-15-15 Fertilizer and Pig Manure on Nutrient Dynamics and Production of Cowpea, Vigna Unguiculata L. Walp AU - Omotoso Solomon Olusegun Y1 - 2014/11/20 PY - 2014 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20140206.16 DO - 10.11648/j.ajaf.20140206.16 T2 - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry JF - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry JO - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry SP - 267 EP - 273 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2330-8591 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20140206.16 AB - A constant challenge for farmers in Nigeria is how to increase crop production in the face of low inherent nutrient status and rapid soil fertility depletion. This has attracted studies on how to build up nutrient capital in soil. Influence of NPK 15-15-15 fertilizer and pig manure on nutrient dynamics and production of cowpea vigna unguiculata L. Walp were evaluated at the Teaching and Research Farm, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria in experiments consisting of six treatments laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. The treatments consisted of 60kg NPK 15-15-15, 4t/ha Pig manure (PM), 8t/ha Pig manure, 4t/ha PM+60kg NPK 15-15-15, 8t/ha PM+60kg NPK 15-15-15 and no fertilizer as control. Data on plant height, no of branches, no of leaves, no of nodules/plant, dry matter yield taken at 50% flowering, number of pods/plant, number of seeds/pod, 100 seed weight and seed yield were collected. The result showed that 8t/haPM+60kgNPK gave significantly (p<0.05) higher number of nodules.plant-1(13.7), dry matter (40.3g.plant-1), number of pods.plant-1 (23.7), number of seeds.pod-1 (12.3) and 100 seed weight (25.5g) respectively. Maximum seed yield of 1.40t/ha was obtained with application of 8t/haPM + 60kgNPK. Sole application of pig manure and its combination with NPK significantly increased soil N, P, K, Ca and Mg. It can be concluded that for maximum production, the amount of pig manure required can reduce the chemical fertilizer that would be needed for cowpea. VL - 2 IS - 6 ER -
Email: