Comparison Parasitological Diagnostic Techniques of Gastro-Intestinal Parasitic Infections of Horses in Maiduguri, North Eastern Nigeria

Abdullahi Abubakar Biu; Gwana Adamu Mohaammed; Bukar-Kolo M. Yachilla; Bassey Effiong Edet; Uvu Usman Sha’aibu; Aja Makinta; Abdullahi Mumin Mai; Modu Gana Umara

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajbls.20140206.13

Comparison Parasitological Diagnostic Techniques of Gastro-Intestinal Parasitic Infections of Horses in Maiduguri, North Eastern Nigeria

Abdullahi Abubakar Biu, Gwana Adamu Mohaammed, Bukar-Kolo M. Yachilla, Bassey Effiong Edet, Uvu Usman Sha’aibu, Aja Makinta, Abdullahi Mumin Mai, Modu Gana Umara

Published in American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences (Volume 2, Issue 6)

Received: 8 November 2014 Accepted: 19 November 2014 Published: 23 November 2014

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Abstract

This research study was conducted to determine the incidence of Gastrointestinal Parasites Infection of Horses in Maiduguri, Nigeria. Thirty (30) Horses were selected randomly from Shukari - Maidokiri, Maiduguri. Comparative parasitological diagnostic techniques were applied (both macroscopic and microscopic examinations of direct smears and concentration techniques) and the results obtained revealed mean total infectivity of 20%. The macroscopic examination of the faecal samples revealed mean prevalence of 21%, while the microscopic examination of the faecal samples using 0.85% Normal saline solution direct smear wet preparation technique; protozoan cysts and their vegetative form, helminths ovae and larvae form found are 28%, Lugol’s iodine solution direct smear are 34%, concentration technique by floatation using saturated salt solution of sodium chloride are 35% mean of infectivity. From these 3 techniques were applied; the mean total infectivity of protozoan cysts are 36%, vegetative forms 17%, helminths ova 29%, larvae 17% and adult Parasite found 0%. When multiples diagnostic techniques are been applied, the possibility of missing any Parasite will be exceptional, it will reveals a higher results of positivity if infected. Owners of Horses were urged to take their horses to a Veterinary clinic or hospital nearby for an accurate and appropriate diagnosis, for the wellbeing of their animal routinely.

Published in	American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences (Volume 2, Issue 6)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajbls.20140206.13
Page(s)	150-155
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2014. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Diagnostic Techniques, Examination, Gastrointestinal, Horse, Infectivity, Macroscopic, Microscopic, Parasites

References

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[4]	Gwana, A.M; Auwal, M.S; Bagudu, B.Y. & Gazali, Y.A. “Study Area and Location”, In: Comparative of Parasitological Diagnostic Techniques in the Survey of Haemoparasites of Camel Slaughtered in Maiduguri Central Abattoir, North – eastern Nigeria, Journal of Laboratory Science, 2013; 1, (2): 57 – 65.
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[16]	Smyth, G.D. “Introduction to Animal Parasitology”, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK; 1996: Pp 266 – 268.
[17]	Soulsby, E. J. L “Helminths, Arthropods and Protozoa of domesticated Animals”, 1st Ed; 1982: 34 - 42.
[18]	Steel, R.G.D. and Torrie, J.K. “Analyses of Variance”, Principles and Procedures of Statistics, Mc Grow Hill Book Company Inc, U.S.A, 2nd Edition; 1980: 125 - 130.
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[20]	Umaru; BW, A.B, Gwana; A.M, Wanas; L.N, Yachilla; BKM, Mohammed; U.K. Examinations of the Stomach Contents of Two Fish Species (Clarias gariepinus and Oreochromis niloticus) in Lake Alau, North – Eastern Nigeria. Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries. 2014; 3, (5): pp.405 – 409.doi: 10.11648/j.aff.20140305.23.

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Abdullahi Abubakar Biu, Gwana Adamu Mohaammed, Bukar-Kolo M. Yachilla, Bassey Effiong Edet, Uvu Usman Sha’aibu, et al. (2014). Comparison Parasitological Diagnostic Techniques of Gastro-Intestinal Parasitic Infections of Horses in Maiduguri, North Eastern Nigeria. American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences, 2(6), 150-155. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20140206.13

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Abdullahi Abubakar Biu; Gwana Adamu Mohaammed; Bukar-Kolo M. Yachilla; Bassey Effiong Edet; Uvu Usman Sha’aibu, et al. Comparison Parasitological Diagnostic Techniques of Gastro-Intestinal Parasitic Infections of Horses in Maiduguri, North Eastern Nigeria. Am. J. Biomed. Life Sci. 2014, 2(6), 150-155. doi: 10.11648/j.ajbls.20140206.13

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AMA Style

Abdullahi Abubakar Biu, Gwana Adamu Mohaammed, Bukar-Kolo M. Yachilla, Bassey Effiong Edet, Uvu Usman Sha’aibu, et al. Comparison Parasitological Diagnostic Techniques of Gastro-Intestinal Parasitic Infections of Horses in Maiduguri, North Eastern Nigeria. Am J Biomed Life Sci. 2014;2(6):150-155. doi: 10.11648/j.ajbls.20140206.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ajbls.20140206.13,
  author = {Abdullahi Abubakar Biu and Gwana Adamu Mohaammed and Bukar-Kolo M. Yachilla and Bassey Effiong Edet and Uvu Usman Sha’aibu and Aja Makinta and Abdullahi Mumin Mai and Modu Gana Umara},
  title = {Comparison Parasitological Diagnostic Techniques of Gastro-Intestinal Parasitic Infections of Horses in Maiduguri, North Eastern Nigeria},
  journal = {American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences},
  volume = {2},
  number = {6},
  pages = {150-155},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajbls.20140206.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20140206.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajbls.20140206.13},
  abstract = {This research study was conducted to determine the incidence of Gastrointestinal Parasites Infection of Horses in Maiduguri, Nigeria. Thirty (30) Horses were selected randomly from Shukari - Maidokiri, Maiduguri. Comparative parasitological diagnostic techniques were applied (both macroscopic and microscopic examinations of direct smears and concentration techniques) and the results obtained revealed mean total infectivity of 20%. The macroscopic examination of the faecal samples revealed mean prevalence of 21%, while the microscopic examination of the faecal samples using 0.85% Normal saline solution direct smear wet preparation technique; protozoan cysts and their vegetative form, helminths ovae and larvae form found are 28%, Lugol’s iodine solution direct smear are 34%, concentration technique by floatation using saturated salt solution of sodium chloride are 35% mean of infectivity. From these 3 techniques were applied; the mean total infectivity of protozoan cysts are 36%, vegetative forms 17%, helminths ova 29%, larvae 17% and adult Parasite found 0%. When multiples diagnostic techniques are been applied, the possibility of missing any Parasite will be exceptional, it will reveals a higher results of positivity if infected. Owners of Horses were urged to take their horses to a Veterinary clinic or hospital nearby for an accurate and appropriate diagnosis, for the wellbeing of their animal routinely.},
 year = {2014}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Comparison Parasitological Diagnostic Techniques of Gastro-Intestinal Parasitic Infections of Horses in Maiduguri, North Eastern Nigeria
AU  - Abdullahi Abubakar Biu
AU  - Gwana Adamu Mohaammed
AU  - Bukar-Kolo M. Yachilla
AU  - Bassey Effiong Edet
AU  - Uvu Usman Sha’aibu
AU  - Aja Makinta
AU  - Abdullahi Mumin Mai
AU  - Modu Gana Umara
Y1  - 2014/11/23
PY  - 2014
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20140206.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajbls.20140206.13
T2  - American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences
JF  - American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences
JO  - American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences
SP  - 150
EP  - 155
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-880X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20140206.13
AB  - This research study was conducted to determine the incidence of Gastrointestinal Parasites Infection of Horses in Maiduguri, Nigeria. Thirty (30) Horses were selected randomly from Shukari - Maidokiri, Maiduguri. Comparative parasitological diagnostic techniques were applied (both macroscopic and microscopic examinations of direct smears and concentration techniques) and the results obtained revealed mean total infectivity of 20%. The macroscopic examination of the faecal samples revealed mean prevalence of 21%, while the microscopic examination of the faecal samples using 0.85% Normal saline solution direct smear wet preparation technique; protozoan cysts and their vegetative form, helminths ovae and larvae form found are 28%, Lugol’s iodine solution direct smear are 34%, concentration technique by floatation using saturated salt solution of sodium chloride are 35% mean of infectivity. From these 3 techniques were applied; the mean total infectivity of protozoan cysts are 36%, vegetative forms 17%, helminths ova 29%, larvae 17% and adult Parasite found 0%. When multiples diagnostic techniques are been applied, the possibility of missing any Parasite will be exceptional, it will reveals a higher results of positivity if infected. Owners of Horses were urged to take their horses to a Veterinary clinic or hospital nearby for an accurate and appropriate diagnosis, for the wellbeing of their animal routinely.
VL  - 2
IS  - 6
ER  -

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Author Information

Abdullahi Abubakar Biu

Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Parasitology and Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri, Nigeria
Gwana Adamu Mohaammed

Laboratory Unit, A.H.P Department, Mohamet Lawan College of Agriculture, P.M.B. 1427, Maiduguri, Nigeria
Bukar-Kolo M. Yachilla

Dept.of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Unimaid, Maiduguri, Nigeria
Bassey Effiong Edet

Department of Microbiology, Nnamdi Azikwe University, Awka, Nigeria
Uvu Usman Sha’aibu

Laboratory Unit, A.H.P Department, Mohamet Lawan College of Agriculture, P.M.B. 1427, Maiduguri, Nigeria
Aja Makinta

Laboratory Unit, A.H.P Department, Mohamet Lawan College of Agriculture, P.M.B. 1427, Maiduguri, Nigeria
Abdullahi Mumin Mai

Laboratory Unit, A.H.P Department, Mohamet Lawan College of Agriculture, P.M.B. 1427, Maiduguri, Nigeria
Modu Gana Umara

Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Parasitology and Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri, Nigeria

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APA Style

Abdullahi Abubakar Biu, Gwana Adamu Mohaammed, Bukar-Kolo M. Yachilla, Bassey Effiong Edet, Uvu Usman Sha’aibu, et al. (2014). Comparison Parasitological Diagnostic Techniques of Gastro-Intestinal Parasitic Infections of Horses in Maiduguri, North Eastern Nigeria. American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences, 2(6), 150-155. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20140206.13

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ACS Style

Abdullahi Abubakar Biu; Gwana Adamu Mohaammed; Bukar-Kolo M. Yachilla; Bassey Effiong Edet; Uvu Usman Sha’aibu, et al. Comparison Parasitological Diagnostic Techniques of Gastro-Intestinal Parasitic Infections of Horses in Maiduguri, North Eastern Nigeria. Am. J. Biomed. Life Sci. 2014, 2(6), 150-155. doi: 10.11648/j.ajbls.20140206.13

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AMA Style

Abdullahi Abubakar Biu, Gwana Adamu Mohaammed, Bukar-Kolo M. Yachilla, Bassey Effiong Edet, Uvu Usman Sha’aibu, et al. Comparison Parasitological Diagnostic Techniques of Gastro-Intestinal Parasitic Infections of Horses in Maiduguri, North Eastern Nigeria. Am J Biomed Life Sci. 2014;2(6):150-155. doi: 10.11648/j.ajbls.20140206.13

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajbls.20140206.13,
  author = {Abdullahi Abubakar Biu and Gwana Adamu Mohaammed and Bukar-Kolo M. Yachilla and Bassey Effiong Edet and Uvu Usman Sha’aibu and Aja Makinta and Abdullahi Mumin Mai and Modu Gana Umara},
  title = {Comparison Parasitological Diagnostic Techniques of Gastro-Intestinal Parasitic Infections of Horses in Maiduguri, North Eastern Nigeria},
  journal = {American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences},
  volume = {2},
  number = {6},
  pages = {150-155},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajbls.20140206.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20140206.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajbls.20140206.13},
  abstract = {This research study was conducted to determine the incidence of Gastrointestinal Parasites Infection of Horses in Maiduguri, Nigeria. Thirty (30) Horses were selected randomly from Shukari - Maidokiri, Maiduguri. Comparative parasitological diagnostic techniques were applied (both macroscopic and microscopic examinations of direct smears and concentration techniques) and the results obtained revealed mean total infectivity of 20%. The macroscopic examination of the faecal samples revealed mean prevalence of 21%, while the microscopic examination of the faecal samples using 0.85% Normal saline solution direct smear wet preparation technique; protozoan cysts and their vegetative form, helminths ovae and larvae form found are 28%, Lugol’s iodine solution direct smear are 34%, concentration technique by floatation using saturated salt solution of sodium chloride are 35% mean of infectivity. From these 3 techniques were applied; the mean total infectivity of protozoan cysts are 36%, vegetative forms 17%, helminths ova 29%, larvae 17% and adult Parasite found 0%. When multiples diagnostic techniques are been applied, the possibility of missing any Parasite will be exceptional, it will reveals a higher results of positivity if infected. Owners of Horses were urged to take their horses to a Veterinary clinic or hospital nearby for an accurate and appropriate diagnosis, for the wellbeing of their animal routinely.},
 year = {2014}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Comparison Parasitological Diagnostic Techniques of Gastro-Intestinal Parasitic Infections of Horses in Maiduguri, North Eastern Nigeria
AU  - Abdullahi Abubakar Biu
AU  - Gwana Adamu Mohaammed
AU  - Bukar-Kolo M. Yachilla
AU  - Bassey Effiong Edet
AU  - Uvu Usman Sha’aibu
AU  - Aja Makinta
AU  - Abdullahi Mumin Mai
AU  - Modu Gana Umara
Y1  - 2014/11/23
PY  - 2014
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20140206.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajbls.20140206.13
T2  - American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences
JF  - American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences
JO  - American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences
SP  - 150
EP  - 155
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-880X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20140206.13
AB  - This research study was conducted to determine the incidence of Gastrointestinal Parasites Infection of Horses in Maiduguri, Nigeria. Thirty (30) Horses were selected randomly from Shukari - Maidokiri, Maiduguri. Comparative parasitological diagnostic techniques were applied (both macroscopic and microscopic examinations of direct smears and concentration techniques) and the results obtained revealed mean total infectivity of 20%. The macroscopic examination of the faecal samples revealed mean prevalence of 21%, while the microscopic examination of the faecal samples using 0.85% Normal saline solution direct smear wet preparation technique; protozoan cysts and their vegetative form, helminths ovae and larvae form found are 28%, Lugol’s iodine solution direct smear are 34%, concentration technique by floatation using saturated salt solution of sodium chloride are 35% mean of infectivity. From these 3 techniques were applied; the mean total infectivity of protozoan cysts are 36%, vegetative forms 17%, helminths ova 29%, larvae 17% and adult Parasite found 0%. When multiples diagnostic techniques are been applied, the possibility of missing any Parasite will be exceptional, it will reveals a higher results of positivity if infected. Owners of Horses were urged to take their horses to a Veterinary clinic or hospital nearby for an accurate and appropriate diagnosis, for the wellbeing of their animal routinely.
VL  - 2
IS  - 6
ER  -

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