Initial Growth Responses of Multipurpose Tree Species Under Termite Infested Areas at Mana Sibu District of West Wollega Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia

Dawit Samuel

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajls.20170505.13

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Initial Growth Responses of Multipurpose Tree Species Under Termite Infested Areas at Mana Sibu District of West Wollega Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia

Dawit Samuel

Published in American Journal of Life Sciences (Volume 5, Issue 5)

Received: 30 July 2017 Accepted: 24 August 2017 Published: 22 September 2017

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Abstract

An experimental study was carried out at Mana Sibu district of West Wollega zone, Oromia Regional state, Ethiopia to evaluate and select multipurpose tree species for rehabilitation of termite degraded area. Seven tree species (Cordia africana, Melia azedrach, Albizia gummifera, Jacaranda mimosifolia, Acacia mearnsii, Acacia albida and Croton macrostychus) were used for the experiment and both organic and inorganic fertilizers were also used as a treatment to support the seedlings for initial survival. The treatments were arranged in the split plot using RCB Design with three replications in which the fertilizers were randomized on main plots and tree species on sub plots of the main plot. Data on dead seedlings count of the planted trees, Root collar diameter and height of the tree species were collected. SPSS statistical computer software was used to analyze the data. The result of the analysis revealed that there was significance difference between the survival counts of tree species with respect to termite attack. Hence, Cordia africana and Acacia mearnsii were the most susceptible (p<0.05) tree species to termite attack followed by Albizia gummifera and Croton macrostychus, whereas Jacaranda mimosifolia and Melia azedarach were tolerant as compared to the others. There was no significance difference between the applications of the different fertilizers to support the seedlings for initial growth and survival but there was numerical difference such that application of inorganic fertilizer had more survival followed by organic fertilizer application. However, plots with no fertilizer application (control) showed less survival than both fertilizers. In general Jacaranda mimosifolia and Melia azedarach were very tolerant to termite attack followed by Albizia gummifera when compared to Cordia africana and Acacia mearnsii which were very susceptible. However, application of any fertilizer type for supporting the initial survival of the seedlings was not important from an economic point of view since there was no statistically significance difference with the control. Therefore, selection of appropriate tree species which tolerate termite attack without the application of any fertilizer for rehabilitation of termite degraded areas was very crucial.

Published in	American Journal of Life Sciences (Volume 5, Issue 5)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajls.20170505.13
Page(s)	134-139
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2017. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Multipurpose Tree, Root Collar Diameter, Organic Fertilizer, Inorganic Fertilizer, Rehabilitation, Termite

References

[1]	Harris, W. V. 1961. Termites, their recognition and control. Longmans, Green and Co. LTD, London. 187pp.
[2]	Wood, T. G. 1991. Termites in Ethiopia: The environmental impact of their damage and resultant control measures. Ambio, Vol. 20. 136-138.
[3]	Bouillon, A. 1970. Termite of Ethiopian Region. In: Biology of Termites. Vol. 2, pp. 154-280, (Krishna, K. and Weesner. F. M., eds). Academic press, New York.
[4]	Abdurahiman Abdulahi 1990. Foraging activity and control of termites in western Ethiopia. Ph. D. Thesis, University of London. 277pp.
[5]	B&M Consultants PLC 1997. A strategy of sustainable control of termites in Manasibu Woreda. Addis Ababa. 107pp.
[6]	Gauchan, D., Ayo-Odongo, J., Vaughan, K., Lemma Gizachew and Mulugeta Negeri 1998. A participatory systems analysis of the termite situation in West Wollega, Oromiya Region, Ethiopia. ICRA, Wageningen. 158pp.
[7]	B & M Consultants PLC1997. A strategy of sustainable control of termites in Manasibu Woreda. Addis Ababa. 107pp.
[8]	Oromiya Agricultural Development Bureau 1996. Crop protection project (unpublished). Finfinne.
[9]	Cowie RH, Wood TG. 1989. Damage to crops, forestry and rangeland by fungus-growing termites(Termitidae: Macrotermitinae) in Ethiopia. Sociobiology 15:139–153.
[10]	Hickin, N. e. 1971. Termites-a world problem. Hutchinson Beham LTD, London. 232pp.
[11]	Gay F J & Calaby J H. 1970. Termites of the Australian region. In: Biology of Termites (eds K Krishna & F M Weesner). Academic Press, New York, 393–448.
[12]	Watson, J. A. L. and Gay, F. J. 1991. Isoptera (termites). In: The insects of Australia: a text book for students and research workers. Vol 1, 2^nd edition, pp. 330-347, (Naumann, I. D. and Carne, P. B., eds). Melbourne University perss, Canada.
[13]	Daba Wirtu 2001. Economic Dimension of Forest Fire Damage. In Ethiopian Journal of Natural Resources (EJNR). Volume 3, Number 2; December 2001. Ethiopian Society of Soil Science, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
[14]	ICRA (International Center for Development Oriented Research in Agriculture). 1998. A Participatory Systems Analysis of the Termite Situations in West Wollega, Oromiya Region, Ethiopia. Working Document Series 68. Wageningen, the Netherlands.
[15]	WoARD (District Agricultural and Rural Development), 2010. Manasibu District Agricultural and Rural Development annual report (Unpublished).

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Dawit Samuel. (2017). Initial Growth Responses of Multipurpose Tree Species Under Termite Infested Areas at Mana Sibu District of West Wollega Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia. American Journal of Life Sciences, 5(5), 134-139. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajls.20170505.13

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ACS Style

Dawit Samuel. Initial Growth Responses of Multipurpose Tree Species Under Termite Infested Areas at Mana Sibu District of West Wollega Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia. Am. J. Life Sci. 2017, 5(5), 134-139. doi: 10.11648/j.ajls.20170505.13

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AMA Style

Dawit Samuel. Initial Growth Responses of Multipurpose Tree Species Under Termite Infested Areas at Mana Sibu District of West Wollega Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia. Am J Life Sci. 2017;5(5):134-139. doi: 10.11648/j.ajls.20170505.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ajls.20170505.13,
  author = {Dawit Samuel},
  title = {Initial Growth Responses of Multipurpose Tree Species Under Termite Infested Areas at Mana Sibu District of West Wollega Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia},
  journal = {American Journal of Life Sciences},
  volume = {5},
  number = {5},
  pages = {134-139},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajls.20170505.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajls.20170505.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajls.20170505.13},
  abstract = {An experimental study was carried out at Mana Sibu district of West Wollega zone, Oromia Regional state, Ethiopia to evaluate and select multipurpose tree species for rehabilitation of termite degraded area. Seven tree species (Cordia africana, Melia azedrach, Albizia gummifera, Jacaranda mimosifolia, Acacia mearnsii, Acacia albida and Croton macrostychus) were used for the experiment and both organic and inorganic fertilizers were also used as a treatment to support the seedlings for initial survival. The treatments were arranged in the split plot using RCB Design with three replications in which the fertilizers were randomized on main plots and tree species on sub plots of the main plot. Data on dead seedlings count of the planted trees, Root collar diameter and height of the tree species were collected. SPSS statistical computer software was used to analyze the data. The result of the analysis revealed that there was significance difference between the survival counts of tree species with respect to termite attack. Hence, Cordia africana and Acacia mearnsii were the most susceptible (pAlbizia gummifera and Croton macrostychus, whereas Jacaranda mimosifolia and Melia azedarach were tolerant as compared to the others. There was no significance difference between the applications of the different fertilizers to support the seedlings for initial growth and survival but there was numerical difference such that application of inorganic fertilizer had more survival followed by organic fertilizer application. However, plots with no fertilizer application (control) showed less survival than both fertilizers. In general Jacaranda mimosifolia and Melia azedarach were very tolerant to termite attack followed by Albizia gummifera when compared to Cordia africana and Acacia mearnsii which were very susceptible. However, application of any fertilizer type for supporting the initial survival of the seedlings was not important from an economic point of view since there was no statistically significance difference with the control. Therefore, selection of appropriate tree species which tolerate termite attack without the application of any fertilizer for rehabilitation of termite degraded areas was very crucial.},
 year = {2017}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Initial Growth Responses of Multipurpose Tree Species Under Termite Infested Areas at Mana Sibu District of West Wollega Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia
AU  - Dawit Samuel
Y1  - 2017/09/22
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajls.20170505.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajls.20170505.13
T2  - American Journal of Life Sciences
JF  - American Journal of Life Sciences
JO  - American Journal of Life Sciences
SP  - 134
EP  - 139
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-5737
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajls.20170505.13
AB  - An experimental study was carried out at Mana Sibu district of West Wollega zone, Oromia Regional state, Ethiopia to evaluate and select multipurpose tree species for rehabilitation of termite degraded area. Seven tree species (Cordia africana, Melia azedrach, Albizia gummifera, Jacaranda mimosifolia, Acacia mearnsii, Acacia albida and Croton macrostychus) were used for the experiment and both organic and inorganic fertilizers were also used as a treatment to support the seedlings for initial survival. The treatments were arranged in the split plot using RCB Design with three replications in which the fertilizers were randomized on main plots and tree species on sub plots of the main plot. Data on dead seedlings count of the planted trees, Root collar diameter and height of the tree species were collected. SPSS statistical computer software was used to analyze the data. The result of the analysis revealed that there was significance difference between the survival counts of tree species with respect to termite attack. Hence, Cordia africana and Acacia mearnsii were the most susceptible (pAlbizia gummifera and Croton macrostychus, whereas Jacaranda mimosifolia and Melia azedarach were tolerant as compared to the others. There was no significance difference between the applications of the different fertilizers to support the seedlings for initial growth and survival but there was numerical difference such that application of inorganic fertilizer had more survival followed by organic fertilizer application. However, plots with no fertilizer application (control) showed less survival than both fertilizers. In general Jacaranda mimosifolia and Melia azedarach were very tolerant to termite attack followed by Albizia gummifera when compared to Cordia africana and Acacia mearnsii which were very susceptible. However, application of any fertilizer type for supporting the initial survival of the seedlings was not important from an economic point of view since there was no statistically significance difference with the control. Therefore, selection of appropriate tree species which tolerate termite attack without the application of any fertilizer for rehabilitation of termite degraded areas was very crucial.
VL  - 5
IS  - 5
ER  -

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Author Information

Dawit Samuel

Natural Resource Research Directorate, Agroforestry Research Team, Oromia Agricultural Research Institute, Bako, Oromia, Ethiopia

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Dawit Samuel. (2017). Initial Growth Responses of Multipurpose Tree Species Under Termite Infested Areas at Mana Sibu District of West Wollega Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia. American Journal of Life Sciences, 5(5), 134-139. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajls.20170505.13

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ACS Style

Dawit Samuel. Initial Growth Responses of Multipurpose Tree Species Under Termite Infested Areas at Mana Sibu District of West Wollega Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia. Am. J. Life Sci. 2017, 5(5), 134-139. doi: 10.11648/j.ajls.20170505.13

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AMA Style

Dawit Samuel. Initial Growth Responses of Multipurpose Tree Species Under Termite Infested Areas at Mana Sibu District of West Wollega Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia. Am J Life Sci. 2017;5(5):134-139. doi: 10.11648/j.ajls.20170505.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ajls.20170505.13,
  author = {Dawit Samuel},
  title = {Initial Growth Responses of Multipurpose Tree Species Under Termite Infested Areas at Mana Sibu District of West Wollega Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia},
  journal = {American Journal of Life Sciences},
  volume = {5},
  number = {5},
  pages = {134-139},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajls.20170505.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajls.20170505.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajls.20170505.13},
  abstract = {An experimental study was carried out at Mana Sibu district of West Wollega zone, Oromia Regional state, Ethiopia to evaluate and select multipurpose tree species for rehabilitation of termite degraded area. Seven tree species (Cordia africana, Melia azedrach, Albizia gummifera, Jacaranda mimosifolia, Acacia mearnsii, Acacia albida and Croton macrostychus) were used for the experiment and both organic and inorganic fertilizers were also used as a treatment to support the seedlings for initial survival. The treatments were arranged in the split plot using RCB Design with three replications in which the fertilizers were randomized on main plots and tree species on sub plots of the main plot. Data on dead seedlings count of the planted trees, Root collar diameter and height of the tree species were collected. SPSS statistical computer software was used to analyze the data. The result of the analysis revealed that there was significance difference between the survival counts of tree species with respect to termite attack. Hence, Cordia africana and Acacia mearnsii were the most susceptible (pAlbizia gummifera and Croton macrostychus, whereas Jacaranda mimosifolia and Melia azedarach were tolerant as compared to the others. There was no significance difference between the applications of the different fertilizers to support the seedlings for initial growth and survival but there was numerical difference such that application of inorganic fertilizer had more survival followed by organic fertilizer application. However, plots with no fertilizer application (control) showed less survival than both fertilizers. In general Jacaranda mimosifolia and Melia azedarach were very tolerant to termite attack followed by Albizia gummifera when compared to Cordia africana and Acacia mearnsii which were very susceptible. However, application of any fertilizer type for supporting the initial survival of the seedlings was not important from an economic point of view since there was no statistically significance difference with the control. Therefore, selection of appropriate tree species which tolerate termite attack without the application of any fertilizer for rehabilitation of termite degraded areas was very crucial.},
 year = {2017}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Initial Growth Responses of Multipurpose Tree Species Under Termite Infested Areas at Mana Sibu District of West Wollega Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia
AU  - Dawit Samuel
Y1  - 2017/09/22
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajls.20170505.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajls.20170505.13
T2  - American Journal of Life Sciences
JF  - American Journal of Life Sciences
JO  - American Journal of Life Sciences
SP  - 134
EP  - 139
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-5737
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajls.20170505.13
AB  - An experimental study was carried out at Mana Sibu district of West Wollega zone, Oromia Regional state, Ethiopia to evaluate and select multipurpose tree species for rehabilitation of termite degraded area. Seven tree species (Cordia africana, Melia azedrach, Albizia gummifera, Jacaranda mimosifolia, Acacia mearnsii, Acacia albida and Croton macrostychus) were used for the experiment and both organic and inorganic fertilizers were also used as a treatment to support the seedlings for initial survival. The treatments were arranged in the split plot using RCB Design with three replications in which the fertilizers were randomized on main plots and tree species on sub plots of the main plot. Data on dead seedlings count of the planted trees, Root collar diameter and height of the tree species were collected. SPSS statistical computer software was used to analyze the data. The result of the analysis revealed that there was significance difference between the survival counts of tree species with respect to termite attack. Hence, Cordia africana and Acacia mearnsii were the most susceptible (pAlbizia gummifera and Croton macrostychus, whereas Jacaranda mimosifolia and Melia azedarach were tolerant as compared to the others. There was no significance difference between the applications of the different fertilizers to support the seedlings for initial growth and survival but there was numerical difference such that application of inorganic fertilizer had more survival followed by organic fertilizer application. However, plots with no fertilizer application (control) showed less survival than both fertilizers. In general Jacaranda mimosifolia and Melia azedarach were very tolerant to termite attack followed by Albizia gummifera when compared to Cordia africana and Acacia mearnsii which were very susceptible. However, application of any fertilizer type for supporting the initial survival of the seedlings was not important from an economic point of view since there was no statistically significance difference with the control. Therefore, selection of appropriate tree species which tolerate termite attack without the application of any fertilizer for rehabilitation of termite degraded areas was very crucial.
VL  - 5
IS  - 5
ER  -

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