Stroke at University Teaching Hospital of Kara (Togo) in 2022: Epidemiological, Clinical, and Evolving Aspects

Agba Lehleng; Tcherou Tchaa; Djalogue Lihanimpo; Talabewi Abide; Anayo Nyinevi; Dagbe Massaga; Kumako Vinyo; Kombate Damelan; Assogba Komi; Balogou Agnon Ayelola

doi:doi:10.11648/j.cnn.20230702.13

Stroke at University Teaching Hospital of Kara (Togo) in 2022: Epidemiological, Clinical, and Evolving Aspects

Agba Lehleng, Tcherou Tchaa, Djalogue Lihanimpo, Talabewi Abide, Anayo Nyinevi, Dagbe Massaga, Kumako Vinyo, Kombate Damelan, Assogba Komi, Balogou Agnon Ayelola

Published in Clinical Neurology and Neuroscience (Volume 7, Issue 2)

Received: 4 May 2023 Accepted: 5 July 2023 Published: 20 July 2023

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Abstract

Introduction: Recent studies on stroke in sub-Saharan Africa have focused on clinical and therapeutic specificities, overlooking their epidemiological aspects. Objective: We conducted this study with the aim of updating the epidemiological, clinical, and evolutionary aspects of strokes at the University Teaching Hospital of Kara (Northern Togo). Patients and Methods: From July 1st to December 31st, 2022, a prospective study was conducted in the Neurology Department of the University Hospital of Kara (Togo) on patients hospitalized for stroke. Results: Stroke accounted for 71.68% of Neurology admissions. Eighty-one patients were included, of which 45 (55.56%) were female. The mean age was 55.04 ± 15.72 years (17-93). Ischemic stroke occurred in 46 patients (56.79%). The main cardiovascular risk factors were personal hypertension (n = 46; 56.79%), familial hypertension (n = 37; 45.68%), dyslipidemia (n = 24; 29.63%), and smoking (n = 18; 22.22%). The main symptoms were motor deficit (n = 55; 67.90%), unusual headaches (n = 28; 34.57%), language disorders (n = 27; 33.33%), and altered consciousness (n = 25; 38.86%). The onset was sudden in 79.01% of cases (n = 64). The mean GCS was 13.74 ± 2.55 in patients with ischemic stroke and 11.00 ± 4.27 in those with hemorrhagic stroke, with p = 0.003. Eight patients (13.11%) had a GCS below 7; and among them, 87.50% (n = 7) had a hemorrhagic stroke (p = 0.008). Motor deficit was observed in 71 out of the 74 evaluated patients (95.95%). Among patients who had a NIHS scale ≥ 15 (n = 43), 51.16% (n = 22) had hemorrhagic stroke, with no significant differences according to the type of stroke (p = 0.124; RR = 1.38; 95% CI: [0.92 - 2.06]). Middle cerebral artery (MCA) was involved in 87.5% of cases of ischemic stroke. Isolated involvement of the infratentorial region was found in 9 patients, of which 6 (66.67%) were hemorrhagic. The mean ICH score of patients with hemorrhagic stroke was 2.06 ± 1.37 ([0 – 5]). The mortality rate was 23.46% (n = 19), with 40.00% in hemorrhagic stroke versus 10.87% in ischemic stroke (p = 0.002; RR = 3.68; 95% CI: [1.46-9.25]). Patients with ischemic stroke had a heavier physical disability at discharge from the hospital. Conclusion: The results of this study can serve as a basis to guide public health policies and the management of stroke patients in this region.

Published in	Clinical Neurology and Neuroscience (Volume 7, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.cnn.20230702.13
Page(s)	38-45
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2023. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Stroke, University Teaching Hospital, Kara, Togo, Sub-Saharan Africa

References

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Agba Lehleng, Tcherou Tchaa, Djalogue Lihanimpo, Talabewi Abide, Anayo Nyinevi, et al. (2023). Stroke at University Teaching Hospital of Kara (Togo) in 2022: Epidemiological, Clinical, and Evolving Aspects. Clinical Neurology and Neuroscience, 7(2), 38-45. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cnn.20230702.13

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Agba Lehleng; Tcherou Tchaa; Djalogue Lihanimpo; Talabewi Abide; Anayo Nyinevi, et al. Stroke at University Teaching Hospital of Kara (Togo) in 2022: Epidemiological, Clinical, and Evolving Aspects. Clin. Neurol. Neurosci. 2023, 7(2), 38-45. doi: 10.11648/j.cnn.20230702.13

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AMA Style

Agba Lehleng, Tcherou Tchaa, Djalogue Lihanimpo, Talabewi Abide, Anayo Nyinevi, et al. Stroke at University Teaching Hospital of Kara (Togo) in 2022: Epidemiological, Clinical, and Evolving Aspects. Clin Neurol Neurosci. 2023;7(2):38-45. doi: 10.11648/j.cnn.20230702.13

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@article{10.11648/j.cnn.20230702.13,
  author = {Agba Lehleng and Tcherou Tchaa and Djalogue Lihanimpo and Talabewi Abide and Anayo Nyinevi and Dagbe Massaga and Kumako Vinyo and Kombate Damelan and Assogba Komi and Balogou Agnon Ayelola},
  title = {Stroke at University Teaching Hospital of Kara (Togo) in 2022: Epidemiological, Clinical, and Evolving Aspects},
  journal = {Clinical Neurology and Neuroscience},
  volume = {7},
  number = {2},
  pages = {38-45},
  doi = {10.11648/j.cnn.20230702.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cnn.20230702.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.cnn.20230702.13},
  abstract = {Introduction: Recent studies on stroke in sub-Saharan Africa have focused on clinical and therapeutic specificities, overlooking their epidemiological aspects. Objective: We conducted this study with the aim of updating the epidemiological, clinical, and evolutionary aspects of strokes at the University Teaching Hospital of Kara (Northern Togo). Patients and Methods: From July 1st to December 31st, 2022, a prospective study was conducted in the Neurology Department of the University Hospital of Kara (Togo) on patients hospitalized for stroke. Results: Stroke accounted for 71.68% of Neurology admissions. Eighty-one patients were included, of which 45 (55.56%) were female. The mean age was 55.04 ± 15.72 years (17-93). Ischemic stroke occurred in 46 patients (56.79%). The main cardiovascular risk factors were personal hypertension (n = 46; 56.79%), familial hypertension (n = 37; 45.68%), dyslipidemia (n = 24; 29.63%), and smoking (n = 18; 22.22%). The main symptoms were motor deficit (n = 55; 67.90%), unusual headaches (n = 28; 34.57%), language disorders (n = 27; 33.33%), and altered consciousness (n = 25; 38.86%). The onset was sudden in 79.01% of cases (n = 64). The mean GCS was 13.74 ± 2.55 in patients with ischemic stroke and 11.00 ± 4.27 in those with hemorrhagic stroke, with p = 0.003. Eight patients (13.11%) had a GCS below 7; and among them, 87.50% (n = 7) had a hemorrhagic stroke (p = 0.008). Motor deficit was observed in 71 out of the 74 evaluated patients (95.95%). Among patients who had a NIHS scale ≥ 15 (n = 43), 51.16% (n = 22) had hemorrhagic stroke, with no significant differences according to the type of stroke (p = 0.124; RR = 1.38; 95% CI: [0.92 - 2.06]). Middle cerebral artery (MCA) was involved in 87.5% of cases of ischemic stroke. Isolated involvement of the infratentorial region was found in 9 patients, of which 6 (66.67%) were hemorrhagic. The mean ICH score of patients with hemorrhagic stroke was 2.06 ± 1.37 ([0 – 5]). The mortality rate was 23.46% (n = 19), with 40.00% in hemorrhagic stroke versus 10.87% in ischemic stroke (p = 0.002; RR = 3.68; 95% CI: [1.46-9.25]). Patients with ischemic stroke had a heavier physical disability at discharge from the hospital. Conclusion: The results of this study can serve as a basis to guide public health policies and the management of stroke patients in this region.},
 year = {2023}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Stroke at University Teaching Hospital of Kara (Togo) in 2022: Epidemiological, Clinical, and Evolving Aspects
AU  - Agba Lehleng
AU  - Tcherou Tchaa
AU  - Djalogue Lihanimpo
AU  - Talabewi Abide
AU  - Anayo Nyinevi
AU  - Dagbe Massaga
AU  - Kumako Vinyo
AU  - Kombate Damelan
AU  - Assogba Komi
AU  - Balogou Agnon Ayelola
Y1  - 2023/07/20
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cnn.20230702.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.cnn.20230702.13
T2  - Clinical Neurology and Neuroscience
JF  - Clinical Neurology and Neuroscience
JO  - Clinical Neurology and Neuroscience
SP  - 38
EP  - 45
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2578-8930
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cnn.20230702.13
AB  - Introduction: Recent studies on stroke in sub-Saharan Africa have focused on clinical and therapeutic specificities, overlooking their epidemiological aspects. Objective: We conducted this study with the aim of updating the epidemiological, clinical, and evolutionary aspects of strokes at the University Teaching Hospital of Kara (Northern Togo). Patients and Methods: From July 1st to December 31st, 2022, a prospective study was conducted in the Neurology Department of the University Hospital of Kara (Togo) on patients hospitalized for stroke. Results: Stroke accounted for 71.68% of Neurology admissions. Eighty-one patients were included, of which 45 (55.56%) were female. The mean age was 55.04 ± 15.72 years (17-93). Ischemic stroke occurred in 46 patients (56.79%). The main cardiovascular risk factors were personal hypertension (n = 46; 56.79%), familial hypertension (n = 37; 45.68%), dyslipidemia (n = 24; 29.63%), and smoking (n = 18; 22.22%). The main symptoms were motor deficit (n = 55; 67.90%), unusual headaches (n = 28; 34.57%), language disorders (n = 27; 33.33%), and altered consciousness (n = 25; 38.86%). The onset was sudden in 79.01% of cases (n = 64). The mean GCS was 13.74 ± 2.55 in patients with ischemic stroke and 11.00 ± 4.27 in those with hemorrhagic stroke, with p = 0.003. Eight patients (13.11%) had a GCS below 7; and among them, 87.50% (n = 7) had a hemorrhagic stroke (p = 0.008). Motor deficit was observed in 71 out of the 74 evaluated patients (95.95%). Among patients who had a NIHS scale ≥ 15 (n = 43), 51.16% (n = 22) had hemorrhagic stroke, with no significant differences according to the type of stroke (p = 0.124; RR = 1.38; 95% CI: [0.92 - 2.06]). Middle cerebral artery (MCA) was involved in 87.5% of cases of ischemic stroke. Isolated involvement of the infratentorial region was found in 9 patients, of which 6 (66.67%) were hemorrhagic. The mean ICH score of patients with hemorrhagic stroke was 2.06 ± 1.37 ([0 – 5]). The mortality rate was 23.46% (n = 19), with 40.00% in hemorrhagic stroke versus 10.87% in ischemic stroke (p = 0.002; RR = 3.68; 95% CI: [1.46-9.25]). Patients with ischemic stroke had a heavier physical disability at discharge from the hospital. Conclusion: The results of this study can serve as a basis to guide public health policies and the management of stroke patients in this region.
VL  - 7
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Author Information

Agba Lehleng

Neurology Department, University of Kara, Kara, Togo
Tcherou Tchaa

Cardiology Department, University of Kara, Kara, Togo
Djalogue Lihanimpo

Internal Medicine Department, University of Kara, Kara, Togo
Talabewi Abide

Neurology Department, University of Lome, Lome, Togo
Anayo Nyinevi

Neurology Department, University of Lome, Lome, Togo
Dagbe Massaga

Radiology Department, University of Kara, Kara, Togo
Kumako Vinyo

Neurology Department, University of Kara, Kara, Togo
Kombate Damelan

Neurology Department, University of Kara, Kara, Togo
Assogba Komi

Neurology Department, University of Lome, Lome, Togo
Balogou Agnon Ayelola

Neurology Department, University of Lome, Lome, Togo

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Agba Lehleng, Tcherou Tchaa, Djalogue Lihanimpo, Talabewi Abide, Anayo Nyinevi, et al. (2023). Stroke at University Teaching Hospital of Kara (Togo) in 2022: Epidemiological, Clinical, and Evolving Aspects. Clinical Neurology and Neuroscience, 7(2), 38-45. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cnn.20230702.13

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ACS Style

Agba Lehleng; Tcherou Tchaa; Djalogue Lihanimpo; Talabewi Abide; Anayo Nyinevi, et al. Stroke at University Teaching Hospital of Kara (Togo) in 2022: Epidemiological, Clinical, and Evolving Aspects. Clin. Neurol. Neurosci. 2023, 7(2), 38-45. doi: 10.11648/j.cnn.20230702.13

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AMA Style

Agba Lehleng, Tcherou Tchaa, Djalogue Lihanimpo, Talabewi Abide, Anayo Nyinevi, et al. Stroke at University Teaching Hospital of Kara (Togo) in 2022: Epidemiological, Clinical, and Evolving Aspects. Clin Neurol Neurosci. 2023;7(2):38-45. doi: 10.11648/j.cnn.20230702.13

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.cnn.20230702.13,
  author = {Agba Lehleng and Tcherou Tchaa and Djalogue Lihanimpo and Talabewi Abide and Anayo Nyinevi and Dagbe Massaga and Kumako Vinyo and Kombate Damelan and Assogba Komi and Balogou Agnon Ayelola},
  title = {Stroke at University Teaching Hospital of Kara (Togo) in 2022: Epidemiological, Clinical, and Evolving Aspects},
  journal = {Clinical Neurology and Neuroscience},
  volume = {7},
  number = {2},
  pages = {38-45},
  doi = {10.11648/j.cnn.20230702.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cnn.20230702.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.cnn.20230702.13},
  abstract = {Introduction: Recent studies on stroke in sub-Saharan Africa have focused on clinical and therapeutic specificities, overlooking their epidemiological aspects. Objective: We conducted this study with the aim of updating the epidemiological, clinical, and evolutionary aspects of strokes at the University Teaching Hospital of Kara (Northern Togo). Patients and Methods: From July 1st to December 31st, 2022, a prospective study was conducted in the Neurology Department of the University Hospital of Kara (Togo) on patients hospitalized for stroke. Results: Stroke accounted for 71.68% of Neurology admissions. Eighty-one patients were included, of which 45 (55.56%) were female. The mean age was 55.04 ± 15.72 years (17-93). Ischemic stroke occurred in 46 patients (56.79%). The main cardiovascular risk factors were personal hypertension (n = 46; 56.79%), familial hypertension (n = 37; 45.68%), dyslipidemia (n = 24; 29.63%), and smoking (n = 18; 22.22%). The main symptoms were motor deficit (n = 55; 67.90%), unusual headaches (n = 28; 34.57%), language disorders (n = 27; 33.33%), and altered consciousness (n = 25; 38.86%). The onset was sudden in 79.01% of cases (n = 64). The mean GCS was 13.74 ± 2.55 in patients with ischemic stroke and 11.00 ± 4.27 in those with hemorrhagic stroke, with p = 0.003. Eight patients (13.11%) had a GCS below 7; and among them, 87.50% (n = 7) had a hemorrhagic stroke (p = 0.008). Motor deficit was observed in 71 out of the 74 evaluated patients (95.95%). Among patients who had a NIHS scale ≥ 15 (n = 43), 51.16% (n = 22) had hemorrhagic stroke, with no significant differences according to the type of stroke (p = 0.124; RR = 1.38; 95% CI: [0.92 - 2.06]). Middle cerebral artery (MCA) was involved in 87.5% of cases of ischemic stroke. Isolated involvement of the infratentorial region was found in 9 patients, of which 6 (66.67%) were hemorrhagic. The mean ICH score of patients with hemorrhagic stroke was 2.06 ± 1.37 ([0 – 5]). The mortality rate was 23.46% (n = 19), with 40.00% in hemorrhagic stroke versus 10.87% in ischemic stroke (p = 0.002; RR = 3.68; 95% CI: [1.46-9.25]). Patients with ischemic stroke had a heavier physical disability at discharge from the hospital. Conclusion: The results of this study can serve as a basis to guide public health policies and the management of stroke patients in this region.},
 year = {2023}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Stroke at University Teaching Hospital of Kara (Togo) in 2022: Epidemiological, Clinical, and Evolving Aspects
AU  - Agba Lehleng
AU  - Tcherou Tchaa
AU  - Djalogue Lihanimpo
AU  - Talabewi Abide
AU  - Anayo Nyinevi
AU  - Dagbe Massaga
AU  - Kumako Vinyo
AU  - Kombate Damelan
AU  - Assogba Komi
AU  - Balogou Agnon Ayelola
Y1  - 2023/07/20
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cnn.20230702.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.cnn.20230702.13
T2  - Clinical Neurology and Neuroscience
JF  - Clinical Neurology and Neuroscience
JO  - Clinical Neurology and Neuroscience
SP  - 38
EP  - 45
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2578-8930
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cnn.20230702.13
AB  - Introduction: Recent studies on stroke in sub-Saharan Africa have focused on clinical and therapeutic specificities, overlooking their epidemiological aspects. Objective: We conducted this study with the aim of updating the epidemiological, clinical, and evolutionary aspects of strokes at the University Teaching Hospital of Kara (Northern Togo). Patients and Methods: From July 1st to December 31st, 2022, a prospective study was conducted in the Neurology Department of the University Hospital of Kara (Togo) on patients hospitalized for stroke. Results: Stroke accounted for 71.68% of Neurology admissions. Eighty-one patients were included, of which 45 (55.56%) were female. The mean age was 55.04 ± 15.72 years (17-93). Ischemic stroke occurred in 46 patients (56.79%). The main cardiovascular risk factors were personal hypertension (n = 46; 56.79%), familial hypertension (n = 37; 45.68%), dyslipidemia (n = 24; 29.63%), and smoking (n = 18; 22.22%). The main symptoms were motor deficit (n = 55; 67.90%), unusual headaches (n = 28; 34.57%), language disorders (n = 27; 33.33%), and altered consciousness (n = 25; 38.86%). The onset was sudden in 79.01% of cases (n = 64). The mean GCS was 13.74 ± 2.55 in patients with ischemic stroke and 11.00 ± 4.27 in those with hemorrhagic stroke, with p = 0.003. Eight patients (13.11%) had a GCS below 7; and among them, 87.50% (n = 7) had a hemorrhagic stroke (p = 0.008). Motor deficit was observed in 71 out of the 74 evaluated patients (95.95%). Among patients who had a NIHS scale ≥ 15 (n = 43), 51.16% (n = 22) had hemorrhagic stroke, with no significant differences according to the type of stroke (p = 0.124; RR = 1.38; 95% CI: [0.92 - 2.06]). Middle cerebral artery (MCA) was involved in 87.5% of cases of ischemic stroke. Isolated involvement of the infratentorial region was found in 9 patients, of which 6 (66.67%) were hemorrhagic. The mean ICH score of patients with hemorrhagic stroke was 2.06 ± 1.37 ([0 – 5]). The mortality rate was 23.46% (n = 19), with 40.00% in hemorrhagic stroke versus 10.87% in ischemic stroke (p = 0.002; RR = 3.68; 95% CI: [1.46-9.25]). Patients with ischemic stroke had a heavier physical disability at discharge from the hospital. Conclusion: The results of this study can serve as a basis to guide public health policies and the management of stroke patients in this region.
VL  - 7
IS  - 2
ER  -

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