Sambayourou is one of the main tributary of Mouhoun River in southwest Burkina Faso. Its watershed is part of area affected by mining operations from Poura gold mine in 80s. Investigations on surface water, ground-water and soil from Sambayourou watershed reveal that enormous volume of mine wastes from Poura old gold mine is causing acid mine drainage (AMD). This latter is characterized by a red-brick color, a low pH (2.9) and high contents of arsenic and heavy metals: arsenic (753 ppm), iron (4948 ppm), zinc (51 ppm), copper (38 ppm), cobalt (7 ppm) and lead (4 ppm). The oxidation and acidification of the mine wastes have also resulted in the pollution of some groundwater with concentrations of arsenic and lead beyond acceptable standards. Arsenic is the most polluting element of surface water and ground-water. Concerning ground-water contamination, arsenic come from both mine wastes and host rocks. To assess soil contamination, geo-accumulation indexes (Igeo) and enrichment factor (EF) are used. The use of the index of geo-accumulation is based on seven descriptive classes for increasing geo-accumulation index values. The different values of enrichment factor are divided into five groups corresponding to five categories of contamination. According to geo-accumulation values, the soil in Sambayourou watershed is strongly contaminated by arsenic. This situation is confirmed by enrichment factor which indicates a very high enrichment in arsenic. The very high enrichment in arsenic can derive from erosion of host rocks of ores mineralization which contain sulfide minerals as arsenopyrite (FeAsS) and/or from pedogenesis processes. However, mine wastes are assumed to be the main sources of arsenic contamination of soil in Sambayourou watershed.
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International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis (Volume 2, Issue 6-1)
This article belongs to the Special Issue Environmental Science and Treatment Technology |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.ijema.s.2014020601.12 |
| Page(s) | 6-12 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
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Copyright © The Author(s), 2014. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Arsenic Enrichment, Acid Mine Drainage, Heavy Metals, Environment, Burkina Faso
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APA Style
Kagambega Nicolas, Sawadogo Sayouba, Gordio Ardjima. (2014). High Arsenic Enrichment in Water and Soils from Sambayourou Watershed – Burkina Faso (West Africa). International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis, 2(6-1), 6-12. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.s.2014020601.12
ACS Style
Kagambega Nicolas; Sawadogo Sayouba; Gordio Ardjima. High Arsenic Enrichment in Water and Soils from Sambayourou Watershed – Burkina Faso (West Africa). Int. J. Environ. Monit. Anal. 2014, 2(6-1), 6-12. doi: 10.11648/j.ijema.s.2014020601.12
AMA Style
Kagambega Nicolas, Sawadogo Sayouba, Gordio Ardjima. High Arsenic Enrichment in Water and Soils from Sambayourou Watershed – Burkina Faso (West Africa). Int J Environ Monit Anal. 2014;2(6-1):6-12. doi: 10.11648/j.ijema.s.2014020601.12
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Download@article{10.11648/j.ijema.s.2014020601.12,
author = {Kagambega Nicolas and Sawadogo Sayouba and Gordio Ardjima},
title = {High Arsenic Enrichment in Water and Soils from Sambayourou Watershed – Burkina Faso (West Africa)},
journal = {International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis},
volume = {2},
number = {6-1},
pages = {6-12},
doi = {10.11648/j.ijema.s.2014020601.12},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.s.2014020601.12},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijema.s.2014020601.12},
abstract = {Sambayourou is one of the main tributary of Mouhoun River in southwest Burkina Faso. Its watershed is part of area affected by mining operations from Poura gold mine in 80s. Investigations on surface water, ground-water and soil from Sambayourou watershed reveal that enormous volume of mine wastes from Poura old gold mine is causing acid mine drainage (AMD). This latter is characterized by a red-brick color, a low pH (2.9) and high contents of arsenic and heavy metals: arsenic (753 ppm), iron (4948 ppm), zinc (51 ppm), copper (38 ppm), cobalt (7 ppm) and lead (4 ppm). The oxidation and acidification of the mine wastes have also resulted in the pollution of some groundwater with concentrations of arsenic and lead beyond acceptable standards. Arsenic is the most polluting element of surface water and ground-water. Concerning ground-water contamination, arsenic come from both mine wastes and host rocks. To assess soil contamination, geo-accumulation indexes (Igeo) and enrichment factor (EF) are used. The use of the index of geo-accumulation is based on seven descriptive classes for increasing geo-accumulation index values. The different values of enrichment factor are divided into five groups corresponding to five categories of contamination. According to geo-accumulation values, the soil in Sambayourou watershed is strongly contaminated by arsenic. This situation is confirmed by enrichment factor which indicates a very high enrichment in arsenic. The very high enrichment in arsenic can derive from erosion of host rocks of ores mineralization which contain sulfide minerals as arsenopyrite (FeAsS) and/or from pedogenesis processes. However, mine wastes are assumed to be the main sources of arsenic contamination of soil in Sambayourou watershed.},
year = {2014}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - High Arsenic Enrichment in Water and Soils from Sambayourou Watershed – Burkina Faso (West Africa) AU - Kagambega Nicolas AU - Sawadogo Sayouba AU - Gordio Ardjima Y1 - 2014/09/23 PY - 2014 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.s.2014020601.12 DO - 10.11648/j.ijema.s.2014020601.12 T2 - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis JF - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis JO - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis SP - 6 EP - 12 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2328-7667 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.s.2014020601.12 AB - Sambayourou is one of the main tributary of Mouhoun River in southwest Burkina Faso. Its watershed is part of area affected by mining operations from Poura gold mine in 80s. Investigations on surface water, ground-water and soil from Sambayourou watershed reveal that enormous volume of mine wastes from Poura old gold mine is causing acid mine drainage (AMD). This latter is characterized by a red-brick color, a low pH (2.9) and high contents of arsenic and heavy metals: arsenic (753 ppm), iron (4948 ppm), zinc (51 ppm), copper (38 ppm), cobalt (7 ppm) and lead (4 ppm). The oxidation and acidification of the mine wastes have also resulted in the pollution of some groundwater with concentrations of arsenic and lead beyond acceptable standards. Arsenic is the most polluting element of surface water and ground-water. Concerning ground-water contamination, arsenic come from both mine wastes and host rocks. To assess soil contamination, geo-accumulation indexes (Igeo) and enrichment factor (EF) are used. The use of the index of geo-accumulation is based on seven descriptive classes for increasing geo-accumulation index values. The different values of enrichment factor are divided into five groups corresponding to five categories of contamination. According to geo-accumulation values, the soil in Sambayourou watershed is strongly contaminated by arsenic. This situation is confirmed by enrichment factor which indicates a very high enrichment in arsenic. The very high enrichment in arsenic can derive from erosion of host rocks of ores mineralization which contain sulfide minerals as arsenopyrite (FeAsS) and/or from pedogenesis processes. However, mine wastes are assumed to be the main sources of arsenic contamination of soil in Sambayourou watershed. VL - 2 IS - 6-1 ER -
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