Postpartum Haemorrhage is the leading cause of maternal mortality worldwide with a 6% prevalence recorded. In Africa and Asia where most maternal deaths occurred, postpartum haemorrhage accounts for more than 30% of all maternal deaths. However, the proportion of maternal deaths attributable to postpartum haemorrhage varies considerably between developed and developing countries. Consequently, many health care workers in developing countries have little or no access to basic practical information of PPH making it difficult to assess women with the risk factors typically leading to the complication that develops due to PPH. This study is aimed to determine the level of knowledge and managements kills of birth attendants providing delivery services as regards to PPH in Jos North, Plateau State, Nigeria. A multistage sampling technique was used to identify skilled birth attendants who are involved in the provision of maternal health services in Jos North Local Government Area. Informed consent was obtained from the respondents and when permitted by the respondents, the questionnaires were administered with confidentiality and results recorded by the interviewer. Out of 100 questionnaires completely filled, 86% of respondent are female why 14% are male. Professional qualifications of Registered Nurses (RN) was 12%, 10% of Registered Midwives (RM), RN & RM where 31%, Community Extension Health Workers (CHEW) is 36% and 11% of Junior Community Health Extension Worker (JCHEW) respectively; 56% of them are of the age range between 41-50 yrs; while 18% were between the ages of 31–40 and ≥ 50 years respectively. We found out that RN/RM demonstrated 80% higher level of knowledge and management skills in management of post partum hemorrhage among skilled birth attendants in primary health care of Jos North Nigeria with a significant relationship between the level of knowledge and professional qualification as well as significant relationship between the level of knowledge and years of working experience respectively at p-value<0.00001. In this study, we found that the RN & RM demonstrated high level of knowledge and managements kills in the management of post partum hemorrhage in Jos north primary health care. The study also found a significant relationship between the level of knowledge and professional qualifications as well as significant relationship between the level of knowledge and years of working experience. Thus, as the professional qualification and years of working experience increases, the level of knowledge of PPH also increases, reducing the morbidity and mortality experience in Jos North LGA of Plateau state, Nigeria.
Published in | World Journal of Public Health (Volume 2, Issue 4) |
DOI | 10.11648/j.wjph.20170204.11 |
Page(s) | 124-130 |
Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2017. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Knowledge, Management, Skilled Birth Attendant, Primary Health Care, Jos North LGA
[1] | Adenifuja K. O, Adepiti C. A, and Ogunniyi S. O: Post partum haemorrhage in a teaching Hospital in Nigeria: a 5 years experience. African Health Sciences 2010; 10(1): 71-74. |
[2] | Ngwenya S. Post partum hemorrhage: incidence, risk factors, and out comes in a low-resource setting. International Journal of Women’s Health. 2016; 8: 647-650. doi: 10.2147/IJWH.S119232. |
[3] | Lale Say, Doris Chou, Alison Gemmill, Özge Tunçalp, Ann-Beth Moller, Jane Daniels, A Metin Gülmezoglu, Marleen Temmerman, Leontine Alkema: Global causes of maternal death: a WHO systematic analysis. The Lancet Global Health, 2014, Volume 2, Issue 6, e 323-e333 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X (14)70227-X. |
[4] | Simi Fayyaz, Nasreen Ruby Faiz, Rehana Rahim, Khawaja Fawad. Frequency of Post partum Haemorrhage in Maternal Mortality in a Tertiary Care Hospital JPMI 2011 Vol. 25 No. 03: 257-262. |
[5] | Onasoga, Olayinka A., Awhanaa, Akpomeyoma Tare, Amiegheme Felicia Ehobhayi. Assessment of knowledge of strategies used in the prevention and management of post partum haemorrhage by midwives in Bayelsa State, Nigeria: Arch. Appl. Sci. Res., 2012, 4(1): 447-453 www.scholarsresearchlibrary.com. |
[6] | Alkema L, Chou D, Hogan D, Zhang S, Moller AB, Gemmill A, et al. Global, regional, and national levels and trends in maternal mortality between 1990 and 2015, with scenario-based projections to 2030: a systematic analysis by the UN Maternal Mortality Estimation Inter-Agency Group. Lancet. 2016; 387 (10017): 462-74. |
[7] | Conde-Agudelo A, Belizan JM, Lammers C (2004). Maternal-perinatal morbidity and mortality associated with adolescent pregnancy in Latin America: Cross-sectional study. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2004, 192: 342–349. |
[8] | Caroline Homer, Vanessa Clements, Nolan Mc Donnell, Michael Peek, Elizabeth Sullivan: Maternal mortality: What can we learn from stories of post partum haemorrhage. WomenandBirth2009; 22, 97—104. |
[9] | Center for Disease Control and prevention (CDC): Preterme birth. 2016 www.cdc.gov/reproductivehealth/maternalinfanthealth/pretermbirth.htm. |
[10] | Conde-Agudelo A, Belizan JM, Lammers C. Maternal-perinatal morbidity and mortality associated with adolescent pregnancy in Latin America: Cross-sectional study. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2004, 192: 342–349. |
[11] | A. E. Olowokere, O. A. Adekeye, A. Ogunfowokan, O. E. Olagunju and O. O. Irinoye: The prevalence, management and outcome of primary post partum haemorrhage in selected health care facilities in Nigeria. Glob. J. Nurs. Midwife 2013 vol. 1 (1), pp. 027-033. |
[12] | Vahiddastjerdy M, Changizi N, Habibollahi A, Janani L, Farahani Z, Babaee F. Maternal Mortality Ratio and Causes of Death in IRI Between 2009 and 2012. Journal of Family & Reproductive Health. 2016; 10 (3): 154-162. |
[13] | Dinyain A, Omoniyi-Esan GO, Olaofe OO, Sabageh D, Komolafe AO, Ojo OS. Autopsy-certified maternal mortality at Ile-Ife, Nigeria. International Journal of Women’s Health. 2014; 6: 41-46. doi: 10.2147/IJWH.S39863. |
[14] | Idowu O, Mafiana C, Sotiloye D. Anaemia in pregnancy: A survey of pregnant women in Abeokuta, Nigeria. African health sciences. 2005; 5(4): 295-299. |
[15] | Dim CC, Onah HE. The Prevalence of Anemia Among Pregnant Women at Booking in Enugu, South Eastern Nigeria. Medscape General Medicine. 2007; 9(3): 11. |
[16] | Georgiou, C. Balloon Tamponadein the Management of Post partum Hemorrhage: A Review. BJOG; 2009; 116(6): 748-57. |
[17] | Chelmow D. Post partum haemorrhage: prevention. BMJ Clinical Evidence; 2011: 1410. |
[18] | Kebebush A Betal: Magnitude, Associated Factors and Maternal Outcome of Post partum Hemorrhage at Black Lion Specialised Hospital from Jan. 1, 2009 to Dec. 30, 2013. Addis Ababa University College of Health Sciences, School of Medicine Department of Emergency Medicine. 2014; Pp 1-30. |
[19] | Ingvil Krarup Sorbye: Situation Analysis Reproductive Health-Somalia HO/UNFPA. April 2009 pp 1-128. |
[20] | Prata N, Bell S, Weidert K. Prevention of post partum hemorrhage in low-resource settings: current perspectives. International Journal of Women’s Health. 2013; 5: 737-752. doi: 10.2147/IJWH.S51661. |
[21] | Mutihir, J. T; and Utoor, B. J. Post Partum Maternal Morbidity in Jos. Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice, 2011: 14(1); 38-42. Dio: 10.4103/1119-3077.79238. |
[22] | Naume Zorodzai Choguya. Traditional and Skilled Birth Attendants in Zimbabwe: A Situational Analysis and Some Policy Considerations. Journal of Anthropology Vol. 2015 (2015), Article ID 215909, 11 pages http://dx. doi.org/10.1155/2015/215909. |
[23] | Peltzser, K; Mafuga, N. P; and Treger, L. (2009). Use of Traditional and Complementary Health Practices in Prenatal, Delivery and Postnatal Careinthe Context of HIV Transmission from Mother to Child (PMTCT). African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines, Vol 6 (No 2): 155–162. dio.org/10.4314/ajtcam.v6i2.57087. |
[24] | Arulkumaran, S; Karoshi, M; Keith, L. G; Lalonde, A. B; and Lynch, C. B. (Eds.). A Comprehensive Text book of Post Partum Hemorrhage; an Essential Clinical Reference for Effective Management (2nd Ed.); London 2012: Sapiens Publisher. |
[25] | Araoye, M. O. Subject Selection. In; Research Methodology with Statistics for health and social Science. 2003; P. 123-127. Illorin-Nigeria Nathadex Publishers. |
[26] | World Health Organization. Trends in maternal mortality: 1990-2013 Estimates by WHO, UNICEF, UNEPA: The World Bank and the United Nations Population Division. WHO 2014. www.apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/112682/2/9789241507266_eng. |
[27] | Lynch, C. B; Keith, L. G; Lalonde, A. B; & Karoshi; M. (Eds.). A Textbook of Postpartum Hemorrahage: A Comprehensive Guide to Evaluation, Management and surgical intervention (1st Edition) 2006; PP. 110–113, Sapiens Publisher, Duncow, Kirkmahoe, Dumfriesshire. DGIITA, UK. |
[28] | WHO: Reducing the Global Burden: Post Partum Haemorrhage. Geneva Newsletter/MPS-Newsletter-2008 Issue 4. pdf. |
[29] | Idris Ahmed Jamo. Decentralization and Primary Health care Service Delivery in Kaduna State. Kenya Studies Review, Volume 7, Number 2, 2014, pp 1-159. |
[30] | M. O. Oyetunde and C. A. Nkwonta: Assessment of Midwives’ Competence in Active Management of Third Stage of Labour in Primary Health Centres in Anambra State, Nigeria. Journal of Applied Medical Sciences, vol. 4, no. 2, 2015, 17-29. |
[31] | Rousseau A, Rozenberg P, Perrodeau E, Deneux-Tharaux C, Ravaud P. Variations in Post partum Hemorrhage Management among Midwives: A National Vignette-Based Study. Hawkins SM, ed. PLo ONE. 2016; 11(4): e0152863. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152863. |
[32] | National Primary Health Care Development Agency (NPHCDA) (2007): Minimum Standards for Primary Health Care in Nigeria. Pp 1-71. |
[33] | World Health Organization (2015): Global patterns of health risk. http://www.who.int/healthinfo/global_burden_disease/GlobalHealth Risks_report_part2.pdf. |
[34] | FMOH/NPHCDA/WHO (1994): Nigeria country plan of action for implementing the minimum district health for all packages, 1995-2000. Lagos, 1994; Report of a consultancy assignment Prof. MC Asuzu & Dr. MO Ogundeji pp 1-97. |
[35] | Kolade, Oluwakemi Ajike; Dr. Tijani Wakili Adelani; Oladeji, Michael Oloyede; Dr. Ajibade, Bayo Lawal: Midwives’ Knowledge and Utilization of Anti-Shock Garment in Prevention of Post partum Haemorrhage. IOSR Journal of Nursing and Health Science (IOSR-JNHS) 1940 Volume 3, Issue 1 Ver. IV (Jan. 2014), PP 09-16 www.iosrjournals.org. |
[36] | WHO recommendations for preventing and treating PPH: evidencebase. Geneva (Switzerland): World Health Organization (WHO); 2012. 48 p. Electronic copies: Available in Portable Document Format (PDF) from the World Health Organization. Availability and Continuity of Care for Maternal Health Services in the Primary Health Centres in Nnewi, Nigeria (January-March 2010). |
[37] | Chinomnso C. Nneue, Uzo E. Ebenebe, Chukwuma B. Duru, Nonye B. Egenti, Obiageli F. Emelumadu, and Christian C. Ibeh. Availability and Continuity of Care for Maternal Health Services in the Primary Health Centres in Nnewi Nigeria. Int J Prev Med. 2016; 7: 44. Doi: 10.4103/2008-7802.177885. |
[38] | Coelij. Gecfhuysen, Abdul Rahman Isa, Mohammed Hashim, Anthony Barnes (1998) Malaysia antenatal risk coding & the outcome of pregnancy. Doi: 1011111j.1447-0756.1998.tbooo46. |
[39] | Mutunga, E. M. Competence of Midwives in Prevention and Management of Post partum Haemorrhage at Kiambu District Hospital Labour Ward, Kiambu County (Doctoral dissertation, University of Nairobi) 2015. |
[40] | Fiazaetal: Knowledge and practice of Nursing midwives Regarding Management and prevention of post partum hemorrhage in three selected teaching hospital kartoumstate-Sudan 2014 Indian journal of Applied Research volume 5 issues 4, 2015. |
[41] | Bijdevaate A, Coleman, R., Manneh, H., & Walraven, G. Knowledge, attitudes and practices of trained traditional birth attendants in Gambia in the prevention, Recognition and management of post partum haemorrhage. Nijmegen institute for international Health, 6500HB, NETHER LANDS. PUDMED 2002: 18(1). |
[42] | Asuke S, Ibrahim MS, Sabitu K, Asuke AU, igbaver, Josph S. A Comparison of referrals among primary health-care workers in urban and rural local government areas in north-western Nigeria. J Med Trop 2016; 18-93-7. |
[43] | World Health Organization. WHO Recommendations for the prevention of post partum haemorrhage: World Health Organization, 2007. Geneva. |
APA Style
Lydia Babatunde Bulndi, Ramyil Mamzhi-Crown Seljul, Ogundeko Timothy Ogundeko, Bassi Amos Pual, Adeniyi Olusegun Godwin, et al. (2017). Knowledge and Management of Post Partum Haemorrhage Among Skilled Birth Attendants in Primary Health Centres of Jos North LGA, Plateau State. World Journal of Public Health, 2(4), 124-130. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wjph.20170204.11
ACS Style
Lydia Babatunde Bulndi; Ramyil Mamzhi-Crown Seljul; Ogundeko Timothy Ogundeko; Bassi Amos Pual; Adeniyi Olusegun Godwin, et al. Knowledge and Management of Post Partum Haemorrhage Among Skilled Birth Attendants in Primary Health Centres of Jos North LGA, Plateau State. World J. Public Health 2017, 2(4), 124-130. doi: 10.11648/j.wjph.20170204.11
AMA Style
Lydia Babatunde Bulndi, Ramyil Mamzhi-Crown Seljul, Ogundeko Timothy Ogundeko, Bassi Amos Pual, Adeniyi Olusegun Godwin, et al. Knowledge and Management of Post Partum Haemorrhage Among Skilled Birth Attendants in Primary Health Centres of Jos North LGA, Plateau State. World J Public Health. 2017;2(4):124-130. doi: 10.11648/j.wjph.20170204.11
@article{10.11648/j.wjph.20170204.11, author = {Lydia Babatunde Bulndi and Ramyil Mamzhi-Crown Seljul and Ogundeko Timothy Ogundeko and Bassi Amos Pual and Adeniyi Olusegun Godwin and Bulndi Isaac Godwin and Stephen Nanbur and Tina Ubanyi and Ramyil Seljul Mary}, title = {Knowledge and Management of Post Partum Haemorrhage Among Skilled Birth Attendants in Primary Health Centres of Jos North LGA, Plateau State}, journal = {World Journal of Public Health}, volume = {2}, number = {4}, pages = {124-130}, doi = {10.11648/j.wjph.20170204.11}, url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wjph.20170204.11}, eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.wjph.20170204.11}, abstract = {Postpartum Haemorrhage is the leading cause of maternal mortality worldwide with a 6% prevalence recorded. In Africa and Asia where most maternal deaths occurred, postpartum haemorrhage accounts for more than 30% of all maternal deaths. However, the proportion of maternal deaths attributable to postpartum haemorrhage varies considerably between developed and developing countries. Consequently, many health care workers in developing countries have little or no access to basic practical information of PPH making it difficult to assess women with the risk factors typically leading to the complication that develops due to PPH. This study is aimed to determine the level of knowledge and managements kills of birth attendants providing delivery services as regards to PPH in Jos North, Plateau State, Nigeria. A multistage sampling technique was used to identify skilled birth attendants who are involved in the provision of maternal health services in Jos North Local Government Area. Informed consent was obtained from the respondents and when permitted by the respondents, the questionnaires were administered with confidentiality and results recorded by the interviewer. Out of 100 questionnaires completely filled, 86% of respondent are female why 14% are male. Professional qualifications of Registered Nurses (RN) was 12%, 10% of Registered Midwives (RM), RN & RM where 31%, Community Extension Health Workers (CHEW) is 36% and 11% of Junior Community Health Extension Worker (JCHEW) respectively; 56% of them are of the age range between 41-50 yrs; while 18% were between the ages of 31–40 and ≥ 50 years respectively. We found out that RN/RM demonstrated 80% higher level of knowledge and management skills in management of post partum hemorrhage among skilled birth attendants in primary health care of Jos North Nigeria with a significant relationship between the level of knowledge and professional qualification as well as significant relationship between the level of knowledge and years of working experience respectively at p-value<0.00001. In this study, we found that the RN & RM demonstrated high level of knowledge and managements kills in the management of post partum hemorrhage in Jos north primary health care. The study also found a significant relationship between the level of knowledge and professional qualifications as well as significant relationship between the level of knowledge and years of working experience. Thus, as the professional qualification and years of working experience increases, the level of knowledge of PPH also increases, reducing the morbidity and mortality experience in Jos North LGA of Plateau state, Nigeria.}, year = {2017} }
TY - JOUR T1 - Knowledge and Management of Post Partum Haemorrhage Among Skilled Birth Attendants in Primary Health Centres of Jos North LGA, Plateau State AU - Lydia Babatunde Bulndi AU - Ramyil Mamzhi-Crown Seljul AU - Ogundeko Timothy Ogundeko AU - Bassi Amos Pual AU - Adeniyi Olusegun Godwin AU - Bulndi Isaac Godwin AU - Stephen Nanbur AU - Tina Ubanyi AU - Ramyil Seljul Mary Y1 - 2017/08/11 PY - 2017 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wjph.20170204.11 DO - 10.11648/j.wjph.20170204.11 T2 - World Journal of Public Health JF - World Journal of Public Health JO - World Journal of Public Health SP - 124 EP - 130 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2637-6059 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wjph.20170204.11 AB - Postpartum Haemorrhage is the leading cause of maternal mortality worldwide with a 6% prevalence recorded. In Africa and Asia where most maternal deaths occurred, postpartum haemorrhage accounts for more than 30% of all maternal deaths. However, the proportion of maternal deaths attributable to postpartum haemorrhage varies considerably between developed and developing countries. Consequently, many health care workers in developing countries have little or no access to basic practical information of PPH making it difficult to assess women with the risk factors typically leading to the complication that develops due to PPH. This study is aimed to determine the level of knowledge and managements kills of birth attendants providing delivery services as regards to PPH in Jos North, Plateau State, Nigeria. A multistage sampling technique was used to identify skilled birth attendants who are involved in the provision of maternal health services in Jos North Local Government Area. Informed consent was obtained from the respondents and when permitted by the respondents, the questionnaires were administered with confidentiality and results recorded by the interviewer. Out of 100 questionnaires completely filled, 86% of respondent are female why 14% are male. Professional qualifications of Registered Nurses (RN) was 12%, 10% of Registered Midwives (RM), RN & RM where 31%, Community Extension Health Workers (CHEW) is 36% and 11% of Junior Community Health Extension Worker (JCHEW) respectively; 56% of them are of the age range between 41-50 yrs; while 18% were between the ages of 31–40 and ≥ 50 years respectively. We found out that RN/RM demonstrated 80% higher level of knowledge and management skills in management of post partum hemorrhage among skilled birth attendants in primary health care of Jos North Nigeria with a significant relationship between the level of knowledge and professional qualification as well as significant relationship between the level of knowledge and years of working experience respectively at p-value<0.00001. In this study, we found that the RN & RM demonstrated high level of knowledge and managements kills in the management of post partum hemorrhage in Jos north primary health care. The study also found a significant relationship between the level of knowledge and professional qualifications as well as significant relationship between the level of knowledge and years of working experience. Thus, as the professional qualification and years of working experience increases, the level of knowledge of PPH also increases, reducing the morbidity and mortality experience in Jos North LGA of Plateau state, Nigeria. VL - 2 IS - 4 ER -